A2 Elementary Past tenses

Past continuous

Lesson goal. After this lesson you can describe what was happening at a moment in the past and set the scene when telling a story.

When to use it

  • An action in progress at a past moment: At 8 p.m. I was studying.
  • The background of a story: It was raining and the wind was blowing.
  • Two parallel long actions: I was cooking while she was studying.

Form

SubjectAuxiliaryVerb
I · he · she · itwas+ V-ing
you · we · theywere+ V-ing
Negativewasn't / weren't+ V-ing
QuestionWas / Were + S+ V-ing?

Step by step

  1. Find the past moment: at 8 p.m., at that moment, when he came.
  2. Choose was or were by the subject.
  3. Add -ing, minding the spelling: run → running, write → writing.
  4. Check: was the action really unfinished at that moment?

Past simple or past continuous

TenseExample
past simpleI watched a film.
past continuousAt nine I was watching a film.
past simpleI went there three times.

Examples

At ten o'clock last night I was reading a book.
They were playing football when it started to rain.
What were you doing at that moment?
It was raining when we left the house.
My parents weren't sleeping — they were waiting for me.
While I was cooking, my sister was doing her homework.

Common mistakes

They was playing football. → They were playing football.
they is plural → were. This carries over from the was/were lesson at A1.
I was watch TV. → I was watching TV.
After was/were the verb must take -ing.
Yesterday I was going to school at 7 and I was arriving at 7.30. → Yesterday I went to school at 7 and arrived at 7.30.
These are two completed events in sequence → past simple. The continuous is only for actions in progress.

Memory tip

Ask yourself: “Was it finished at that moment?” Still going → continuous. Already finished → past simple.

Summary

  • was/were + V-ing — an action in progress at a past moment.
  • I, he, she, it → was · you, we, they → were.
  • Use it for background; finished events take the past simple.

Practise this lesson

Do exercises with an explanation for every question, take mini tests and track your progress on GrammUp.

Start practising

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